In world-systems theory, which statement best describes core countries?

• A. Core countries dominate trade and capital and rely on periphery for resources.
• B. Core countries primarily export raw materials.
• C. Core countries are geographically central in location.
• D. Core countries have the smallest economies.

Answer: (A)

In world-systems theory, core countries are the economically dominant centers that control trade and capital, with highly developed, diversified economies and strong financial institutions. They shape global flows of goods, services, and investment, often setting terms that favor their own interests. At the same time, they rely on peripheral regions for resources, cheap labor, and raw materials to fuel their industries. This dynamic—dominance in trade and capital coupled with dependence on periphery resources—best describes a core country. The other ideas don’t fit this pattern: exporting mainly raw materials, being physically central, or having the smallest economies don’t capture the core’s influential, input-reliant role in the global system.